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The Comanche People

nʉmʉnʉʉ

Mariana Ayón RV by Mariana Ayón RV
July 24, 2025
in Español, World Cultures
Reading Time: 5 mins read
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Español Abajo

The Comanche Nation, who call themselves in their Numic language: nʉmʉnʉʉ (plural of person, meaning the people).

The Comanche Nation is one of the Native American indigenous nations that shared territories with the Apaches and other peoples who also hunted buffalo and American bison. As a hunting people, their homes were teepees.

The word Comanche derives from kumantsi, the name by which the Spanish knew them, and which is usually translated as “those who always want to fight against me,” which was how the Comanche called their enemies. The Spanish called the territory they inhabited La Comanchería, as it was the region they dominated and included territories in New Mexico, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Chihuahua, and Texas.

Their form of organization was through bands, also known as rancherías. Currently, about 16,000 people They are recognized as Comanche, since at least one Comanche great-grandparent is required. More than half of these people live in Lawton, Oklahoma. Each September, they hold the Comanche Nation Fair, bringing together members of the local and surrounding Comanche communities. Additionally, the annual Comanche Homecoming Dance is held in Walters, Oklahoma, in mid-July.

The Comanche language is part of the Uto-Aztecan family of languages. Unfortunately, less than 5% of the contemporary Comanche population speaks the Numic Comanche language.

The Comanche are known for their great skill in warfare, as well as for their tattoos and face paint, their feathered attire, and their great horsemanship. Since warfare and hunting are distinctive activities, the Comanche began education and combat training when boys were young. Women learned to process skins to make fine clothing.

Comanche Creation Myth

One day, the Great Spirit gathered dust devils from all four directions to create the Numunduu. These people, formed from the Earth, had the strength of powerful storms; they were fierce and unpredictable.

Unfortunately, when the Numunduu were created, a demon was also created that could shapeshift and harm people.

The Great Spirit, noticing the demon, decided to throw it into a bottomless pit to protect his creation.

The demon, filled with rage and seeking revenge, took refuge in the fangs and stings of poisonous creatures and continues to harm people whenever he can.

El Pueblo Comanche - nʉmʉnʉʉ

La nación Comanche, quienes se denominan a sí mismos en su lengua Númica: nʉmʉnʉʉ (plural de persona, es decir, las gentes. 

La nación Comanche es una de las naciones indígenas nativo-americanas que compartía territorios con los Apaches y otros pueblos que se dedicaban también a la caza de búfalos-bisontes americanos. Al ser un pueblo que se dedicaba a la caza, sus viviendas eran tipis. 

La palabra comanche deriva de kumantsi, el nombre por el que los conocieron los españoles, y que se suele traducirse como “los que quieren luchar siempre contra mí”, que era como los comanche llamaron a sus enemigos. Los españoles le llamaron al territorio que éstos habitaban La Comanchería, por ser la región que dominaban e incluía territorios en Nuevo México, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Chihuahua y Texas.  

Su forma de organización era a través de bandas, también conocidas como rancherías. Actualmente, cerca de 16,000 personas son reconocidas como comanches, puesto que se requiere de al menos un bisabuelo comanche; de los cuales, más de la mitad viven en Lawton, Oklahoma; donde realizan año con año en septiembre la Feria de la Nación Comanche congregando a los miembros de las comunidades locales y aledañas de los comanches. Asimismo, a mediados de julio de cada año se celebra la Danza Anual del Retorno Comanche, en Walters, Oklahoma. 

La lengua comanche es parte de las lenguas de la familia uto-azteca, lamentablemente, menos del 5% de la población comanche contemporánea habla la lengua Númica comanche. 

Los comanches son conocidos por su gran habilidad en la guerra, así como por sus tatuajes y pinturas faciales, sus atavíos de plumas y su gran destreza como jinetes.  Siendo la guerra y la caza actividades identitarias, los comanche comenzaban con la educación y entrenamiento en combate desde que los niños varones se encontraban pequeños. Las mujeres aprendían a tratar las pieles para elaborar finas prendas de vestir. 

Los comanches son uno de los pueblos más aguerridos a los embates de las represiones y ocupaciones de los colonizadores europeos y euro-descendientes. Se mantuvieron en continua resistencia hasta mediados del siglo XX cuando se lograron acuerdos de paz. Cabe destacar que desde el siglo XIX se había buscado acuerdos, no obstante, los representantes del gobierno habían traicionado a los comanches llevando a cabo masacres y asesinatos de sus líderes. 

Mito Comanche de la creación

Un día, el Gran Espíritu recogió remolinos de polvo de las cuatro direcciones para crear a los Numunduu. Estas personas formadas a partir de la Tierra tenían la fuerza de poderosas tormentas, eran aguerridos e impredecibles.

Desafortunadamente, al crear a los Numunduu también se creó un demonio que podía cambiar de forma para así poder lastimar a gente. 

El Gran Espíritu, al notar que había un demonio, decidió arrojarlo a un pozo sin fondo para proteger a su creación. 

El demonio lleno de ira y en busca de venganza, se refugió en los colmillos y aguijones de criaturas venenosas y así continúa dañando a las personas cada vez que puede.

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Mariana Ayón RV

Mariana Ayón RV

Mexican poet and writer. Interested in hispanic-latinamerican cultures. Settled in Mexico, she is currently studying a Master's Degree in History.

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