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    Smoke and Marigolds: Honoring the Departed in Detroit’s Dia de los Muertos Celebration

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Basílica de Zapopan

Mariana Ayón RV by Mariana Ayón RV
March 13, 2025
in Español, World Cultures
Reading Time: 5 mins read
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English Below

La virgen de Zapopan, es una de las tres advocaciones de la Virgen María en Jalisco. Cuentan que entre el siglo XVI y XVII cuando los frailes Franciscanos se ocupaban de la evangelización y difusión del catolicismo en el territorio de Mesoamérica, fue de suma importancia mostrar el amor y devoción a sus hijos de parte de la Virgen María, madre de Jesús y que a través de ella los indígenas se encontraran más abierto a la conversión del catolicismo.

En ese periodo se llevó a cabo en el estado de Jalisco la escultura de tres advocaciones de la Virgen María, también llamadas las tres Reinas de Jalisco o las Tres Hermanas: Nuestra Señora de Zapopan, La Virgen del Rosario de Talpa y La Virgen de San Juan de los Lagos.

En el siglo XVII hubo una terrible epidemia en Guadalajara y los médicos no encontraban ni cura, ni cómo frenarla, el obispo Juan Santiago León Garabito pidió a los zapopanos que les permitieran llevar a la milagrosa Virgen de la Concepción de Zapopan cn la esperanza de que les concediera un milagro para salvar a la población. Los frailes de Zapopan aceptaron la invitación del obispo y se llevó en peregrinación a la virgen desde lo que en ese entonces era la Capilla de Zapopan a la Catedral de Guadalajara. Al llegar la Virgen a la catedral, días más tarde los médicos reportaron que los casos habían cesado y la pandemia estaba bajo control. 

Así fue que en 1639 se comenzó con la construcción de la Basílica de Zapopan y a un costado el convento para los frailes Franciscanos. 

Ante los continuos milagros de la Virgen de Zapopan, en el siglo XVIII se comenzó a llevar a cabo la visita de la Virgen a cada uno de los templos, iglesias y capillas de Guadalajara siendo la última visita a la Catedral de Guadalajara y de ahí rumbo a la Basílica de Zapopan el 12 de octubre de cada año seguida de una gran Romería y Peregrinación con diferentes grupos de danzantes, músicos, Bandas de Guerra, Estandartes de diferentes congrecaciones católicas, Grupos escolares, Marichis y Bandas musicales que la esperan y acompañan en el recorrido de 7.6 kilómetros 4.8 millas. 

La imagen de la Virgen de Nuestra Señora de Zapopan está de pie, pisando una media luna; la túnica está pintada de rojo y el manto azul obscuro, fileteado de oro; sus manos son de madera y están juntas ante el pecho; para poderle adaptar vestiduras de tela, le desbarataron el manto sobre el hombro, alrededor de su cabeza y bajo los brazos. Tiene los ojos pintados, sus labios un poco gruesos y cerrados, tiene el honor de ser la primera imagen que se veneró en tierras jaliscienses.

Basilica of Our Lady of Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico

The Virgin of Zapopan is one of the three invocations of the Virgin Mary in Jalisco. It is said that between the 16th and 17th centuries when the Franciscan friars were engaged in the evangelization and dissemination of Catholicism in the territory of Mesoamerica, it was of utmost importance to show the love and devotion to her children on behalf of the Virgin Mary, mother of Jesus, and that through her the indigenous people would be more open to conversion to Catholicism.

During that period, the sculpture of three invocations of the Virgin Mary was carried out in the state of Jalisco, also called the three Queens of Jalisco or the Three Sisters: Our Lady of Zapopan, the Virgin of the Rosary of Talpa, and the Virgin of San Juan de los Lagos.

In the 17th century, there was a terrible epidemic in Guadalajara, and doctors could not find a cure or a way to stop it. Bishop Juan Santiago León Garabito asked the people of Zapopan to allow them to take the miraculous Virgin of the Conception of Zapopan in the hope that she would grant them a miracle to save the population. The friars of Zapopan accepted the bishop’s invitation, and the Virgin was taken on a pilgrimage from what was then the Zapopan Chapel to the Guadalajara Cathedral. When the Virgin arrived at the cathedral, days later, the doctors reported that the cases had ceased, and the pandemic was under control.

Thus, in 1639, the Basilica of Zapopan began, and next to it was the convent for the Franciscan friars. Given the continuous miracles of the Virgin of Zapopan, in the 18th century the visit of the Virgin to each of the temples, churches and chapels of Guadalajara began to take place, the last visit being to the Cathedral of Guadalajara and from there heading to the Basilica of Zapopan on October 12 of each year, followed by a great pilgrimage and procession with different groups of dancers, musicians, war bands, banners of different Catholic congregations, school groups, marichis and musical bands that await and accompany her on the 7.6 kilometer (4.8 mile) journey.

The image of the Virgin of Our Lady of Zapopan is standing, stepping on a half moon; the tunic is painted red and the cloak is dark blue, edged with gold; her hands are made of wood and are together in front of her chest; to adapt cloth garments to her, the cloak was torn apart over her shoulder, around her head and under her arms. Her eyes are painted, her lips are slightly thick and closed, and she is honored to be the first image to be venerated in Jalisco.

Tags: Catholic ChurchMexico
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Mariana Ayón RV

Mariana Ayón RV

Mexican poet and writer. Interested in hispanic-latinamerican cultures. Settled in Mexico, she is currently studying a Master's Degree in History.

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