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Guyana

Mariana Ayón RV by Mariana Ayón RV
May 15, 2025
in Español, World Cultures
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The Cooperative Republic of Guyana, commonly known as Guyana or British Guyana, is one of the least popular countries in the Americas. It has been part of the British Commonwealth since 1966, when it achieved independence. Guyana is located in South America between the Orinoco River and the Amazon River, hence its name, Guyana, which in the Arawak or Arawak language means “Land of Many Waters.” It is part of the region known as The Guianas: Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana.

Its capital is Georgetown. Its equatorial climate features humid forests and jungles with a large waterfalls, crystal-clear lagoons, and idyllic beaches. Its population is primarily of Indian descent, as well as of African descent.

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Its flag, known as the “Golden Arrowhead,” was adopted after independence from the United Kingdom in 1966. The red color represents national aspirations; yellow represents gold and mineral wealth; green represents the jungle, agriculture, and forests; black represents resistance; and white represents water.

It borders Venezuela to the north, Suriname to the east, and Brazil to the southwest. It has an Atlantic coastline and a population of 826,353. Although the first explorers and colonizers were the Spanish, it passed to Dutch control with an invasion in 1615 and became part of the English colonies in 1796. Hence, it is sometimes referred to as British Guiana to distinguish it from French Guiana. Venezuela knows it as Essequibo Guyana, as the Spanish called it.

Although its official language is English, the most widely spoken language is Guyanese Creole, which is primarily descended from English fused with other languages ​​of African descent, as well as Indian and indigenous languages.

Guyana has a population of approximately 80,000 Indigenous Americans made up of nine ethnic groups: Wai Wai, Macuxi, Patamona, Lokono, Kalina, Wapishana, Pemón, Akawayo, and Warao. Each with their respective language. The Kalinagos and the Arawaks were the most prevalent peoples prior to colonization.

Guyana boasts a variety of popular musical rhythms, including calypso, reggae, soca, and chutney. The greatest exponent of Guyanese music is Eddy Grant, as well as Shirland (Shetland, Shurland) Wilson “King Fighter.”

Guyanese calypso is a rhythm of Afro-Caribbean origin. It was first created in Trinidad in the 18th century. From there, it was brought to Guyana and Venezuela by Trinidadians who migrated to work in the region, either in mines or on plantations. Calypso is usually sung in English, Spanish, Spanglish, and Jamaican Patuá, making calypso a direct reference for the development of Jamaican reggae. One of the characteristics of Guyanese calypso is its 2/4 and 4/4 time signatures, which are related to other Latin rhythms. It is also danced with hip movements and steps that go back and forth, with a cadence similar to Guaguancó and salsa.

Guyana

La República Cooperativa de Guyana, comúnmente Guyana o Guyana británica, es uno de los países con menor popularidad en el continente americano, forma parte de la mancomunidad británica desde 1966, cuando lograron su independencia. La Guyana está ubicada en Suramérica entre el río Orinoco y el Río Amazonas, de ahí que su nombre Guyana signifique en lengua Arawak o Arahuaco: “Tierra de muchas aguas”. Forma parte de la región conocida como Las Guyanas: Guyana, Surinam y Guyana Francesa. 

Su capital es Georgetown. Sus climas ecuatoriales de bosques húmedos y selvas con grandes cascadas, lagunas cristalinas y playas paradisiacas. Su población es principal es descendiente de la India, así como afrodescendiente. 

Su bandera conocida como “Punta de Flecha Dorada” y fue adoptada tras la independencia 1966 del Reino Unido. El color rojo significa el deseo nacional; el amarillo el oro y la riqueza mineral; el verde la selva, agricultura y bosques; el negro la resistencia; y blanco representan el agua.

Colinda al norte con Venezuela, al este con Surinam y suroeste con Brasil; con costa en el Atlántico y una población de 826,353 habitantes. Si bien, los primeros exploradores y colonizadores fueron los españoles, pasó al control holandés con una invasión en 1615 y en el 1796 pasó a ser parte de las colonias inglesas, de ahí que en ocasiones se le siga nombrando como la Guyana Británica para distinguirla de su par la Guyana Francesa. Venezuela la conoce como la Guyana Esequiba, como le llamaron los españoles.

Aunque su lengua oficial es el inglés, la lengua más hablada es el Criollo Guyanés, que desciende principalmente del inglés fusionado con otras lenguas afrodescendientes, así como lenguas indias e indígenas. 

Guyana cuenta con una población de aproximadamente 80,000 indígenas americanos conformados por nueve pueblos étnicos: Wai wai, Macuxi, Patamona, Lokono, Kalina, Wapishana, Pemón, Akawayo y Warao; cada uno con su respectiva lengua. Los Kalinagos y los Arahuacos eran los pueblso de mayor presencia previo a la colonización.

Guyana cuenta con diferentes ritmos musicales de gran popularidad, entre ellos el calipso, reggae, soca, chutney. El mayor exponente de la música guyanesa es Eddy Grant, así como Shirland (Shetland, Shurland) Wilson “King Fighter”. 

El Calipso Guyanés es un ritmo de origen afrocaribeño, fue creado primero en Trinidad en el siglo XVIII, de ahí fue traído por los trinitarios a la Guyana y Venezuela por la migración obligada a trabajar en la región, ya fuere en minas o en plantaciones. El Calipso suele cantarse en inglés, español, espanglish y patuá jamaiquino, de ahí que el Calipso sea una referencia directa para el desarrollo del Reggae jamaiquino. Una de las características del Calipso Guyanés es su tempo de 2/4 y 4/4 que guarda relación otros ritmos latinos, bailándose también con movimientos de cadera y pasos que van hacia adelante y atrás, con una cadencia semejante al Guaguancó y la salsa.

Tags: South America
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Mariana Ayón RV

Mariana Ayón RV

Mexican poet and writer. Interested in hispanic-latinamerican cultures. Settled in Mexico, she is currently studying a Master's Degree in History.

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