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Chile and its textil art

Mariana Ayón RV by Mariana Ayón RV
February 5, 2026
in Español, World Cultures
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While Chile is the longest country in the world and one of the tricontinental countries along with France, since its government is based on the South American mainland, with other territories on Easter Island in Oceania and in Antarctica, it also boasts a rich indigenous textile tradition. Chilean textiles feature geometric patterns and figures of both animals and humans, particularly those from the indigenous communities of the north, in contrast to the more geometric patterns found in the south.

The textile art of the Andean and Aymara indigenous peoples radiates vibrant colors, as well as animal figures, pompoms, and other distinctive elements of their culture.

The Mapuche people, the indigenous people of southern Chile, have a rich tradition of weaving textiles. The most common figures are triangles and rhombuses, as well as colored bands that transition from one shade to another, enriching the designs on each garment and displaying symbols that tell a complete worldview. However, the art and textile industry in Chile is not limited to indigenous cultures. There are also designers who seek to create garments that reflect their concern for the situation in the Atacama Desert, home to one of the world’s largest clothing dumps, with over 39,000 tons of used clothing. Taking this issue as inspiration, sisters Antonia and Daniela Salamé created their brand, Isla Bonita Clothing, showcasing garment designs that explore details through comfortable pieces. The textile industry in Chile thus traces its origins back to the 19th century and continues to this day.

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Atacama Desert

The Atacama Desert, covering 105,000 km², is located in northern Chile, stretching from the Pacific Ocean to the Andes Mountains for almost 1,600 km. It borders Bolivia and Argentina along the Andes.

One explanation for the intense aridity of the Atacama Desert is the blocking of clouds from the east by the Andes Mountains, resulting in only breezes and clouds coming from the west, from the Pacific. Despite its vast size, the Atacama offers a variety of experiences, from astronomical observatories—as its climate renders large areas of land uninhabitable, creating zones of darkness—to visits to the mirror-like expanses of the Atacama Salt Flat, the crystal formations on the land, the Valley of the Moon, and San Pedro de Puna.

We cannot forget the Red Lagoon in Atacama, a lagoon with striking red waters. In contrast, there are also Dunes and, of course, the Giant of Atacama, also known as the Giant of Tarapacá, a pre-Hispanic geoglyph 119 meters long, which is the largest in the world.

Chile, el país más largo del mundo y uno de los países tricontinentales junto a Francia, puesto que Chile tiene su administración gubernamental en el territorio continental de Suramérica, con otros territorios en la Isla de Pascua de Oceanía y la Antártica. 

Chile, cuenta con una tradición indígena textil con diseños de patrones en grecas, así como figuras tanto de animales, como humanas en sus tejidos, sobre todo aquellos de los pueblos indígenas del norte del país, a diferencia de los patrones que utilizan más geometría en el sur.

El arte textil de los pueblos indígenas andinos y aimaras irradia colores vibrantes, así como figuras de animales, pompones y otras particularidades de su cultura. 

El pueblo Mapuche, el pueblo indígena del sur de Chile, cuenta con una rica tradición de elaboración de textiles de telar. Las figuras más encontradas son los triángulos y rombos, así como las franjas de color que van de un tono a otro enriqueciendo así los diseños en cada prenda donde se muestran los símbolos que narran una cosmovisión completa.

Mas, el arte y la industria textil en Chile no se queda solamente en las culturas indígenas, sino también existen diseñadores que buscan crear prendas de vestir que muestren la preocupación por la situación en el desierto de Atacama, donde se encuentra uno de los más grandes tiraderos de ropa, con más de 39,000 toneladas de ropa usada. 

Llevando esta problemática a ser una inspiración, las hermanas Antonia y Daniela Salamé crearon su marca de Isla Bonita Clothing, donde muestran diseños de prendas que exploran los detalles a través de piezas cómodas.

La industria textil en Chile cuenta así con sus orígenes desde el siglo XIX y continúa hasta la fecha. 

Desierto de Atacama

El desierto de Atacama con una extensión de 105 000 km², se encuentra ubicado en el norte de Chile, y se extiende a lo largo desde el Océano Pacífico hasta la cordillera andina alcanzando casi los 1,600 km. En la cordillera andina colinda con Bolivia y Argentina. 

Para entender el fenómeno de intensa aridez del desierto de Atacama, se da como una de las explicaciones el bloqueo de nubes provenientes del este por parte de la cordillera Andina, de ahí que sólo cuente con la brisa y nubes que provienen del oeste, del Pacífico. 

Atacama siendo tan grande ofrece varias experiencias que van desde los observatorios astronómicos pues dado su clima grandes extensiones de tierra son inhabitables permitiendo así zonas de oscuridad, así como las visitas a los espejos del Salar de Atacama, las formaciones de cristales sobre la tierra, el Valle de la Luna, San Pedro de Puna.

No podemos olvidar la Laguna roja en Atacama, una laguna que sus aguas son de un color rojo; en contraste también se encuentran Dunas y, por su puesto, al Gigante de Atacama, también conocido como el Gigante de Tarapacá, un geoglifo prehispánico de 119 metros de longitud, mismo que es el más grande del mundo.

Tags: artChileSouth America
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Mariana Ayón RV

Mariana Ayón RV

Mexican poet and writer. Interested in hispanic-latinamerican cultures. Settled in Mexico, she is currently studying a Master's Degree in History.

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