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Dominica Island

Dominica island culture comes alive through lush nature, Kalinago heritage, and literary legacy. Explore its hidden stories and history

Mariana Ayón RV by Mariana Ayón RV
April 26, 2026
in Español, World Cultures
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The Caribbean island of Dominica, a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, is known by the Kalinago people as “Waitukubuli,” meaning “Great is His Body.” It is a vivid expression of the Caribbean’s natural splendor. The island is home to hot springs, reefs, beaches, rivers, and waterfalls that draw visitors from around the world, arriving by air and cruise ship, mainly from the Americas as well as Europe.

Although the island was inhabited long before Europeans arrived in the Caribbean, it is considered to have been discovered in 1493 during Columbus’s second voyage. It was never easily colonized, however, due to the fierce resistance of the Kalinago people. France claimed it in 1690, and Britain in 1763, after the Seven Years’ War. In 1960, it gained independence from Great Britain and became part of the Commonwealth of Nations.

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Among its natural treasures are reserves recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, such as the tropical rainforest of Morne Trois Pitons National Park.

The island is covered in lush vegetation that remains green year-round, radiant in its natural beauty.

Boiling Lake is the second largest of its kind in the world, with thermal waters reaching temperatures of up to 89°C (192°F).

Unlike other Caribbean islands, Dominica is the only one where pre-Columbian indigenous peoples still live, such as the Kalinago, who have held their ground against social and political pressures, preserving their presence on the island.

The Kalinago People

Dominica is home to the largest population of the Kalinago people, also known as Caribs, who arrived on the island in the 14th century, living alongside and blending with the Arawak-Taíno. They developed a strong seafaring culture and, thanks to their resilience and strength, prevented the Spanish from establishing themselves on the island.

Today, the Kalinago are located in the eastern region. Their social organization emphasized personal development in areas such as warfare, religion, and navigation. Power was not hereditary, as in monarchies, which made their society more egalitarian and decentralized.

They developed agricultural systems based on crop rotation, cultivating cassava, corn, and yam in ways that supported sustainability and soil regeneration.

Their navigational skills allowed them to carve large canoes, which they used to travel to other islands, especially Saint Vincent.

Jean Rhys

Although Dominican literature is not widely recognized, the novelist Jean Rhys—born Ella Gwendolen Rees Williams—infuses her work with a subtle musicality through her characters. In each of her novels, someone sings or hums; perhaps a reflection of the island’s own vitality.

She was born in 1890 in Dominica, when it was still part of the British Empire, into a family with dark skin and hair, while she stood out for her fair skin and blonde hair. Her appearance, so different from that of her family, along with her personality, set her apart from other girls her age and made her feel constantly scrutinized.

She died at the age of 88 in 1979 in Exeter, United Kingdom. She was married three times and had a daughter with Willem Johan Marie Lenglet, whom she named Maryvonne Moerman.

She studied mainly in London and Paris, although she also lived in other European cities. As a result, her literature explores the condition of the migrant: someone who belongs neither here nor there, but to at least two worlds.

In her words: “Reading makes us all immigrants; it takes us away from home, but, more importantly, it finds homes for us everywhere.”

Her work reveals the humanity of her characters through deep sadness and, perhaps, the despair that accompanies it—something that led to repeated rejection by publishers.

She returned to Dominica after the Second World War, where she rediscovered her inspiration.

Her reflection on literature and migration may seem simple, but isn’t that what we seek in every new world and every experience we live through—the chance to shape other dreams, other homes? Not only through the parallel lives we inhabit as readers, and now also as viewers of films or even short videos on social media, where our sense of self multiplies, along with the spaces we inhabit—but also through our own migrations in real life.

Isla Dominica

La isla antillana Dominica es miembro de la Mancomunidad de naciones, llamada por los Kalinago: “Waitukubuli”, que significa “Grande es su cuerpo”; es muestra del esplendor natural del Caribe. En la isla residen aguas termales, arrecifes, playas, ríos y cascadas que reciben a turistas de todo el mundo con vuelos y cruceros procedentes principalmente del continente americano, como del europeo. 

Aunque la isla ya estaba habitada desde mucho antes de la llegada de los europeos al Caribe, se considera que fue descubierta hasta 1493 en el segundo viaje de Colón, mas no pudo ser colonizada por la feroz defensa de los Kalinagos. Fue conquistada y reclamada por Francia en 1690 y en 1763 por los británicos después de una guerra de siete años. En 1960 alcanzó su independencia de la Gran Bretaña, para reconocerse como un país miembro de la Mancomunidad de las Naciones Británicas. 

Cuenta con reservas naturales consideradas Patrimonio Natural de la UNESCO, como lo es el bosque tropical Parque Nacional Morne Trois Pitons.

La isla está cubierta de de una vegetación que se mantiene verde todo el año con su radiante esplendor natural. 

El lago Boiling es el segundo más grande del mundo con aguas termales que alcanzan temperaturas de hasta 89°c ó 192°F. 

A diferencia de otras islas del Caribe, es Dominica la única donde aún residen indígenas precolombinos, como lo es el Pueblo Kalinago con su continua fuerza de carácter para resistir las presiones sociales y políticas y mantener su representación en el territorio de la isla. 

El pueblo Kalinago

En Dominica se encuentra la mayor población de los indígenas Kalinago, también conocidos como Caribes, quienes llegaron a la isla en el siglo XIV asimilándose junto con los Arawak-Taínos. Los Kalinago contaban con una gran cultura de navegación, e impidieron el establecimiento de los españoles en la isla debido a su gran fuerza y resistencia. 

El pueblo Kalinago se encuentra en la región oriente de la isla, su organización buscaba potenciar la guerra, religión y navegación a través de la formación personal, es decir, el poder no era hereditario, como sucede con las monarquías, lo que hacía de la sociedad Kalinago una sociedad igualitaria descentralizada. 

Los Kalinago crearon sistemas de agricultura para cultivar mandioca, maíz, ñame a través de un sistema de rotación de cultivos, lo que les permitía una agricultura sostenible que permitiera la regeneración de la tierra. 

Sus habilidades en navegación les permitieron tallar grandes canoas que les permitía desplazarse a otras islas, principalmente a San Vicente, Saint Vincent. 

Jean Rhys

Aunque poco reconocida la literatura Dominica, la novelista conocida como Jean Rhys, bautizada como Ella Gwendolen Rees Williams, sus novelas llevan música a través de sus personajes, pues se encuentra en todas ellas alguien que canta, que vive tarareando, quizá es éste un reflejo de la misma naturaleza, la vitalidad de la isla. 

Nació en 1890 en Dominica cuando ésta aún era parte del imperio británico en el seno de una familia de piel morena y cabello oscuro distinguiéndose por su cabello rubio y piel clara. Rhys sentía el escrutinio continuo por su aspecto tan diferente al del resto de su familia, aunado a su carácter tan diferente al del resto de las niñas de su edad. 

Murió a los 88 años en 1979 en Exeter, Reino Unido. Tuvo tres matrimonios y una hija con Willem Johan Marie Lenglet, a quien llamó Maryvonne Moerman

Estudió en Londres y París, principalmente, aunque vivió en otras ciudades europeas. De ahí que su literatura exponga la condición del migrante, aquel que no es de aquí y no es de allá, sino de al menos dos mundos. 

En una frase, Jean Rhys nos dice: “leer nos hacen a todos inmigrantes, nos aleja de casa, pero, aún más importante, encuentra hogares para nosotros en cualquier lugar”. 

Su literatura expone la humanidad de los personajes a través de profundas tristezas y quizá, también la desesperanza que esta trae consigo, lo que la lleva a ser continuamente rechazada por las editoriales.

Vuelve a Dominica después de la segunda guerra mundial, donde se reencuentra con la inspiración. 

Jean Rhys puede parecer simplista con su frase sobre la literatura y los migrantes, mas, ¿no es eso lo que buscamos en cada nuevo mundo y experiencia que vivimos la consolidación de otros sueños, otros hogares? No sólo con las vidas paralelas que experimentamos como lectores y ahora también como espectadores en películas, quizá también en videos breves de redes sociales, pues, allí nuestros yo se multiplican, y, por tanto, los hogares en que residimos, sino también con nuestras migraciones de residencia.

Tags: Dominican RepublicSouth America
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Mariana Ayón RV

Mariana Ayón RV

Mexican poet and writer. Interested in hispanic-latinamerican cultures. Settled in Mexico, she is currently studying a Master's Degree in History.

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